Java Fundamentals - Features

Java is a platform independent programming language which is introduced by James Gosling and his team mates in the year 1991.

First they want to develop programming language for the Setup boxes and small embedded systems in the year of 1991.they named it as “Green talk”, because the file extension is ‘.gt’. After that they renamed as “Oak”, it’s a tree name. But they faced some trademark issues in 1995 they renamed it as “Java”

The first beta version of java released in 1995.

Features of Java

1.Simple – No Pointers Dude!

Compare with previous Object oriented language C++ they removed many confusing and/or rarely-used features e.g., explicit pointers, operator overloading etc.So now no confusions, clean syntax makes java as Simple.

2.Object-oriented – All about java Basics

Java based on OOP.below are concepts of OOPs are:

·         Object

·         Class

·         Inheritance

·         Polymorphism

·         Abstraction

·         Encapsulation

3.Platform Independent – OS doesn’t matter!

A platform is the hardware or software environment in which a program runs. There are two types of platforms software-based and hardware-based. Java provides software-based platform.

Java code can be run on multiple platforms e.g.Windows,Linux,Sun Solaris,Mac/OS etc. Java code is compiled by the compiler and converted into bytecode. This byte-code is a platform independent code because it can be run on multiple platforms.

4. Secured – U can Hack OS, but you can’t hack Java Byte code

The Java platform is designed with security features built into the language and runtime system such as static type-checking at compile time and runtime checking (security manager), which let you creating applications that can’t be invaded from outside. You never hear about viruses attacking Java applications.

5. Robust – Strong, Error Free always

Robust simply means strong. Java uses strong memory management. There are lack of pointers that avoids security problem. There is automatic garbage collection in java. There is exception handling and type checking mechanism in java. All these points makes java robust.

6. Architecture-neutral – 64-bit, 32-bit, xxx-bit doesn’t matter I will work

The language like JAVA can run on any of the processor irrespective of their architecture and vendor

7.   Portable

We may carry the java bytecode to any platform.

8.   High-performance

Java is faster than traditional interpretation since byte code is “close” to native code still somewhat slower than a compiled language (e.g., C++)

9.   Distributed

We can create distributed applications in java. RMI and EJB are used for creating distributed applications. We may access files by calling the methods from any machine on the internet.

10. Multi-threaded

A thread is like a separate program, executing concurrently. We can write Java programs that deal with many tasks at once by defining multiple threads. The main advantage of multi-threading is that it shares the same memory. Threads are important for multi-media, Web applications etc.

Class Path :

CLASSPATH is a parameter that tells the JVM where to look for classes and packages.

When you have set of jar files which are always required during your application runtime, then it’s probably best to add them in machine’s environment variable 'CLASSPATH'.

During application runtime, application class loader will always scan the jar files and classes at specified paths in this variable.

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